Doing Business in Indonesia VS Timor-Leste – A Comparison
For entrepreneurs and investors looking to establish or expand their businesses in Asia, the decision between Indonesia and Timor-Leste can be a challenging one. Both countries offer unique advantages that cater to different business needs, making the choice highly dependent on strategic priorities. Indonesia is known for its competitive business landscape, high quality of life, and affordability for small businesses, while Timor-Leste stands out for its emerging market potential and untapped opportunities.
Key Comparison Points
Business Environment
- Indonesia: Indonesia offers a stable political environment with a well-established legal framework and strong government support for foreign investments.
- Timor-Leste: Timor-Leste, as a developing nation, is still building its political and legal infrastructure, but it provides opportunities for first-movers in an emerging market.
Taxation
- Indonesia: Corporate tax rates in Indonesia are 22%, and various tax incentives are available for specific industries and regions.
- Timor-Leste: Timor-Leste has a simpler tax system with 10% (lower than Indonesia, as referenced), but fewer tax incentives compared to Indonesia.
Ease of Company Incorporation
- Indonesia: Indonesia has streamlined its incorporation process with digital infrastructure and a supportive regulatory environment for foreign investors.
- Timor-Leste: The incorporation process in Timor-Leste is straightforward but less digitized, which may require additional time for setup.
Cost of Living and Business Operations
- Indonesia: Indonesia offers lower operational costs, affordable office spaces, and a high quality of life for expatriates.
- Timor-Leste: Timor-Leste has lower living costs, but operational expenses can be higher due to limited infrastructure and resources.
Access to Markets
- Indonesia: Indonesia enjoys excellent global connectivity and is part of numerous trade agreements, making it a hub for regional and international trade.
- Timor-Leste: Timor-Leste has limited global connectivity but is working on improving trade relationships as it integrates further into the global economy.
Quick Comparison Overview
Here’s a quick overview of the key differences for easy reference:
Factor |
Indonesia |
Timor-Leste |
Business Environment |
Stable with strong government support |
Emerging market with untapped opportunities |
Corporate Tax Rate |
22% |
10% (lower than Indonesia, as referenced). |
Capital Gains Tax |
Available with various exemptions |
Minimal or non-existent |
Ease of Incorporation |
Streamlined with digital infrastructure |
Simple but less digitized |
Business Costs |
Lower operational and living costs |
Higher operational costs but lower living expenses |
Market Access |
Excellent global connectivity and trade agreements |
Limited connectivity, improving trade relationships |

Benefits of Choosing 3E Accounting
Whether you’re looking to register a company in Indonesia or start a business in Indonesia, 3E Accounting offers unparalleled expertise and support. From seamless incorporation to comprehensive business solutions, our team ensures a hassle-free experience for entrepreneurs and investors.
Explore our Indonesia company incorporation services package to understand how we can assist you. For more guidance, check out our guide on registering a company in Indonesia. Ready to take the next step? 3E Accounting is here to help. Contact us today to get started.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Indonesia has a more mature legal system, a digital-friendly setup process, and wider government support. These make it easier to start and scale. If you’re exploring options, this guide to starting a business in Indonesia breaks it down.
It depends. Timor-Leste’s 10% flat rate looks appealing, but Indonesia offers more targeted tax incentives. You can review the benefits of incorporation in Indonesia to see what suits your plans.
Timor-Leste may have lower living costs, but Indonesia offers cheaper infrastructure and better access to suppliers. For estimates, check out their company incorporation services.
Abigail Yu oversees executive leadership at 3E Accounting Group, leading operations, IT solutions, public relations, and digital marketing to drive business success. She holds an honors degree in Communication and New Media from the National University of Singapore and is highly skilled in crisis management, financial communication, and corporate communications.