Doing Business in Indonesia VS Mongolia – A Comparison
When it comes to expanding or establishing a business in Asia, entrepreneurs and investors often face the dilemma of choosing between Indonesia and Mongolia. Both countries offer unique opportunities, making the decision challenging. While Indonesia is renowned for its competitive business landscape, high quality of life, and lower costs for setting up smaller businesses, Mongolia stands out for its rich natural resources and strategic location for trade with China and Russia. This article provides a comprehensive comparison to help you make an informed choice.
Key Comparison Points
Business Environment
- Indonesia: Indonesia boasts a politically stable environment with a legal framework that supports foreign investments. The government actively encourages entrepreneurship through various initiatives and incentives.
- Mongolia: Mongolia has a relatively young democracy, and while it offers opportunities in mining and natural resources, political and regulatory changes can pose challenges for investors.
Taxation
- Indonesia: Indonesia has a corporate tax rate of 22%, along with various tax incentives for specific industries and regions, making it attractive for businesses.
- Mongolia: Mongolia has a corporate tax rate of 10% for small businesses and 25% for larger enterprises, with additional tax benefits for mining-related activities.
Ease of Company Incorporation
- Indonesia: The incorporation process in Indonesia is streamlined with growing digital infrastructure, although some regulatory hurdles remain.
- Mongolia: Mongolia offers a straightforward incorporation process, but limited digital infrastructure can slow down procedures for foreign investors.
Cost of Living and Business Operations
- Indonesia: Indonesia offers lower operational costs, affordable office spaces, and a relatively low cost of living, making it ideal for small and medium-sized businesses.
- Mongolia: While living costs in Mongolia are moderate, business operations can be more expensive due to high logistics and infrastructure costs.
Access to Markets
- Indonesia: Indonesia has excellent global connectivity, being part of ASEAN and several trade agreements, which provide access to a vast market in Southeast Asia.
- Mongolia: Mongolia’s landlocked position limits its market access, but its proximity to China and Russia offers unique trade opportunities.
Quick Comparison Overview
Here’s a quick overview of the key differences for easy reference:
Factor |
Indonesia |
Mongolia |
Business Environment |
Politically stable with strong government support for foreign investments. |
Opportunities in natural resources but subject to political and regulatory changes. |
Corporate Tax Rate |
22% |
10% for small businesses, 25% for larger enterprises. |
Capital Gains Tax |
Varies depending on the type of asset and transaction. |
Capital gains tax applies, especially in mining-related activities. |
Ease of Incorporation |
Streamlined process with growing digital infrastructure. |
Straightforward process but limited digital infrastructure. |
Business Costs |
Lower operational costs and affordable living expenses. |
Higher logistics and infrastructure costs. |
Market Access |
Excellent connectivity through ASEAN and global trade agreements. |
Limited market access but strategic proximity to China and Russia. |

Benefits of Choosing 3E Accounting
Whether you’re looking to register a company in Indonesia or start a business in Indonesia, 3E Accounting offers unparalleled expertise and support. From seamless incorporation to comprehensive business solutions, our team ensures a hassle-free experience for entrepreneurs and investors.
Explore our Indonesia company incorporation services package to understand how we can assist you. For more guidance, check out our guide on registering a company in Indonesia. Ready to take the next step? 3E Accounting is here to help. Contact us today to get started.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Indonesia offers a more stable political environment, better digital infrastructure, and broader market access through ASEAN, while Mongolia presents niche opportunities in natural resources.
Indonesia has a flat corporate tax rate of 22%, while Mongolia charges 10% for small businesses and 25% for large enterprises. Indonesia compensates with wider trade access and incentives.
Abigail Yu oversees executive leadership at 3E Accounting Group, leading operations, IT solutions, public relations, and digital marketing to drive business success. She holds an honors degree in Communication and New Media from the National University of Singapore and is highly skilled in crisis management, financial communication, and corporate communications.