Doing Business in Indonesia VS Panama – A Comparison
For entrepreneurs and investors looking to establish or expand their businesses in Asia or Latin America, the choice between Indonesia and Panama can be a challenging one. Both countries offer unique advantages that cater to different business needs, making the decision a strategic dilemma. Indonesia is renowned for its competitive business landscape, high quality of life, and lower costs for setting up smaller businesses. On the other hand, Panama is celebrated for its strategic location as a global trade hub, favorable tax regime, and strong financial infrastructure. This article will provide a detailed comparison to help you make an informed decision.
Key Comparison Points
Business Environment
- Indonesia: Indonesia offers a dynamic and growing economy with strong government support for foreign investments, although navigating its legal framework can be complex for new investors.
- Panama: Panama provides a politically stable environment with a well-established legal framework, making it an attractive destination for global businesses.
Taxation
- Indonesia: Indonesia has a corporate tax rate of 22% and offers tax incentives for certain industries, such as manufacturing and technology.
- Panama: Panama has a territorial tax system with a corporate tax rate of 25%, and income earned outside Panama is not subject to taxation, which is highly appealing to international businesses.
Ease of Company Incorporation
- Indonesia: Indonesia’s incorporation process has improved significantly, with digital infrastructure supporting online company registration, but regulatory compliance can still be time-consuming.
- Panama: Panama offers a streamlined incorporation process with minimal bureaucracy and the ability to establish offshore companies quickly and efficiently.
Cost of Living and Business Operations
- Indonesia: Indonesia offers lower operational costs, affordable office spaces, and a relatively low cost of living, making it ideal for small and medium-sized enterprises.
- Panama: Panama has higher operational costs compared to Indonesia, but it provides access to modern infrastructure and high-quality facilities for businesses.
Access to Markets
- Indonesia: Indonesia’s strategic location in Southeast Asia provides access to a large regional market and benefits from trade agreements within ASEAN.
- Panama: Panama’s location as a gateway between North and South America, along with its control of the Panama Canal, offers excellent global connectivity and access to international trade routes.
Quick Comparison Overview
Here’s a quick overview of the key differences for easy reference:
Factor |
Indonesia |
Panama |
Business Environment |
Dynamic and growing, with strong government support but complex regulations. |
Politically stable, with a well-established legal framework. |
Corporate Tax Rate |
22% |
25% (territorial tax system; only local income is taxed). |
Capital Gains Tax |
Varies depending on the type of asset. |
Flat rate of 10% on capital gains. |
Ease of Incorporation |
Improved digital processes but still time-consuming. |
Streamlined and efficient with minimal bureaucracy. |
Business Costs |
Lower operational costs and affordable living expenses. |
Higher operational costs but access to modern infrastructure. |
Market Access |
Strong regional access within ASEAN. |
Strategic global connectivity via the Panama Canal. |

Benefits of Choosing 3E Accounting
Whether you’re looking to register a company in Indonesia or start a business in Indonesia, 3E Accounting offers unparalleled expertise and support. From seamless incorporation to comprehensive business solutions, our team ensures a hassle-free experience for entrepreneurs and investors.
Explore our Indonesia company incorporation services package to understand how we can assist you. For more guidance, check out our guide on registering a company in Indonesia. Ready to take the next step? 3E Accounting is here to help. Contact us today to get started.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Indonesia offers lower operational costs, strong regional market access through ASEAN, and government incentives, which appeal to small and medium-sized enterprises more than Panama’s higher-cost environment.
Indonesia applies a 22% corporate tax on worldwide income, while Panama uses a territorial tax system and taxes only local income at 25%, appealing more to international businesses.
Abigail Yu oversees executive leadership at 3E Accounting Group, leading operations, IT solutions, public relations, and digital marketing to drive business success. She holds an honors degree in Communication and New Media from the National University of Singapore and is highly skilled in crisis management, financial communication, and corporate communications.